Integrating climate change and planetary health into medical education in Australia and New Zealand
Categories: Action Line 2: Evidence-based policy strategy and capacity building, Climate-smart workforce, Health systems wide resilience
Country: Australia
Organizations: The University of Notre Dame Australia
The intervention
Medical educators from medical schools across Australia and New Zealand formed a Working Group on Climate Change and Health in 2017.(1) The Group also included representatives of both national Medical Student Associations. The purpose was to develop learning resources about the human health impacts of climate change and encourage use in medical curricula. Five broad areas of learning were identified to inform graduate outcome statements and learning objectives aligning medical student education with the provision of environmentally sustainable health care:
- The principles of human-induced climate change and how this relates to the environmental determinants of health
- The impact of climate change on health
- The impact of climate change on the health system
- The environmental impact of the health sector and what comprises environmentally sustainable healthcare
- Creating change, both intra- and intersectorally, through advocacy and leadership
Findings were circulated to the Deans of all medical schools in 2018 and published (open access) in 2022.(2) Working Group members shared this work with other health professional educators at various forums and advocated for inclusion of climate change and health in the accreditation standards for medical programmes in Australia and New Zealand. Following the introduction of revised accreditation standards for medical programmes by the Australian Medical Council in 2024 the collaboration re-formed as a Special Interest Group to share and develop resources for learning and assessment.(3)
Success factors
Including new content and achieving change in curricula can be difficult. Medical schools often have limited resources and curriculum change requires resourcing. There were also few medical educators with an understanding of the health impacts of climate change and broader planetary health concepts. Collaboration created a community of practice that combined scarce human resources, stimulated a dialogue and facilitated information sharing between medical schools. This common understanding also formed the basis for advocacy for the inclusion of the health impacts of climate change and planetary health in the accreditation standards for medical schools. It also informed contributions to the consultation for the revision of the accreditation standards for junior doctors which was also occurring at this time.(4,5)
Recommendations
This highlights what can be achieved through collaboration of health professional educators seeking to strengthen education about the health impacts of climate change and planetary health. It also highlights how accreditation standards for health professional education create the sustained focus required to drive and secure the necessary system-level change to prepare medical graduates and other health professionals to practise environmentally sustainable health care. Otherwise, change can remain voluntary and fragmented and easily disrupted by a lack of resources or enthusiasm or loss of committed personnel. National health strategies can reinforce the essential role of capacity building for an appropriately skilled health workforce and of accreditation standards for the health professions to achieve this. Consultation processes provide an opportunity to shape and influence strategy and policy, and collaboration can also enable participation in these processes.
Authors and references
- Madden DL, McLean M, Horton GL. Preparing medical graduates for the health effects of climate change: an Australasian collaboration. Med J Aust 2018; 208: 291–292.
- Madden DL, Horton GL, McLean M. Preparing Australasian medical students for environmentally sustainable health care. Med J Aust 2022; 216: 225-229.
- Australian Medical Council. Standards for Assessment and Accreditation of Primary Medical Programs. Date of effect – 1 Jan 2024. (viewed October 2025).
- Australian Medical Council. New National Framework for Prevocational (PGY1 and PGY2) Medical Training (2024+). (viewed October 2025).
- Pendrey, C.G., Chanchlani, S, Beaton L. J. and Madden D. L. (2023) ‘Planetary health: a new standard for medical education’, Medical Journal of Australia, 219(11).
Authors: Diana L. Madden, Graeme L Horton, Michelle McLean, Catherine GA Pendrey, Sonia Chanchlani
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